Surabhi Das, Hong Joo Kim, Archana Jain, Winston Loh
Methods
The present dissection aims to identify anatomical structures implicated in Heel Pain Triad with emphasis on the course and attachments of distal tibialis posterior, plantar fascia and the tibial nerve with its branches distal to the tarsal tunnel.
The skin and subcutaneous tissues were removed from the entire lower leg and posterior aspect of the foot. The flexor retinaculum and plantar fascia were identified.
In order to visualize deep structures beneath the flexor reticulum, a longitudinal incision was made through the anterior flexor retinaculum. The anterior flexor retinaculum was subsequently retracted to expose the tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, posterior tibial nerve, flexor hallicus longus, and neurovascular bundle. In addition, following transverse incisions and subsequent retraction of the plantar fascia, the deep structures of the sole of the foot, such as flexor digitorum brevis, abductor hallicis and distal attachment of the tibialis posterior were visualized.
